
Impaired neuromuscular control of the spine is widely recognized as an important factor in the development of low back pain (LBP).

Lumbar disc herniation is a common cause of low back pain and radiculopathy (sciatica).

The majority of the patients referred for surgical consultation are not candidates for surgery.

There is an increasing availability and clinical use of interventional radiological techniques for patients with low back pain.

Degenerative conditions of the spine are a major cause of disability, and represent a large economic burden on the health care system.

Neck and arm pain are common reasons to seek medical attention, especially in the working population.
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In March 2013, Ontario launched the CORE Back Tool as a key component of its Low Back Pain Strategy.

Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) are the most common fragility fracture and have significant impact on numerous indices of health quality.

The incidence of low back pain in athletes participating in training and competition on a consistent and frequent basis is significant.