Alberto Matteelli, MD, Institute of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Anna Cristina Carvalho, MD, Institute of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Veronica Dal Punta, MD, Institute of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.

The number of international travellers is steadily increasing, paralleled by the number of persons with travel-related diseases. Fever in the returning traveller should always raise suspicion of severe and potentially life-threatening infections. Therefore, physicians should be familiar with the most common syndromes, relevant diagnostic procedures, optimal treatment regimens, and referral criteria. This review gives a general overview of the pathogens causing fever in the returning traveller, their clinical presentation, and standard management procedures.
Key words: fever, travel, older adults, tropical diseases, vaccination.

Patrice Bourée, MD, Head of the Department of Tropical Medicine, Bicetre Hospital (AP-HP); Paris-XI University, Paris, France.

The older population continues to increase; these individuals generally have substantial leisure time and are in good mental and physical health. As a result, they take the opportunity to travel. To avoid unnecessary risks, trips should be carefully planned with regard to updating immunizations according to the destination. Some older individuals suffer from chronic diseases which, though not a contraindication to travel, should be considered. Their medication should be reviewed with regard to the climate; there may be a need for specific travel medication such as chemoprophylaxis of malaria. It may be necessary to seek the advice of different specialists related to the patient’s medical problem. With careful planning, older adults shall remember only the pleasant moments of the trip.
Key words: immunization, travel, older adults, infectious disease, advice.