R.N. Martinez-Gallino, MD, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC.
L.K. Burke, BScN, BHSc, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC.
R.G. McCormack, MD, FRCSC, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC.

Frozen shoulder, or adhesive capsulitis, is a frustrating condition for both patients and physicians. The protracted course of frozen shoulder in combination with the pain and limited range of motion significantly impacts patients’ quality of life. Controversy over the best course of treatment for this chronic condition has proved to be a major challenge for physicians. The goal of this article is to present an organized review of the assessment and management of a frozen shoulder. The emphasis is placed on treatment options. Special considerations for the older adult are highlighted.
Key words: frozen shoulder, adhesive capsulitis, diabetes, glenohumeral joint, pain.