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cervical spondylotic myelopathy

Primary Care Approach to Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy

Teaser: 

1Ali Moghaddamjou, MD,2Jetan H. Badhiwala, MD,3Michael G. Fehlings. MD, Phd, FRCSC, FACS,

1Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Spinal Program, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. 2Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Spinal Program, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. 3Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Spinal Program, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

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Abstract: Degenerative cervical myelopathy is an umbrella term describing all degenerative conditions that present with cervical myelopathy due to compression of the spinal cord. The role of primary care physicians (PCPs) in early identification is vital as delayed diagnosis can lead to irreversible neurological impairment. Patients often present with subtle neurological deficits associated with neck or upper extremity pain. Screening for upper motor neuron signs, gait disturbances, fine motor abnormalities and bowel bladder symptoms is critical. Currently, surgical decompression is the treatment of choice but with future advancements in non-operative treatments, PCPs are expected to play a larger role in treatment plans.
Key Words: degenerative cervical myelopathy, primary care, cervical spondylotic myelopathy, degenerative disc disease.

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PCPs play a vital role in the management of DCM as a delayed diagnosis can lead to irreversible neurological impairment.
A heightened level of awareness with a comprehensive history and a focused physical examination are essential.
With advancements in biomarkers and emerging neuroprotective and regenerative agents, we can expect an increased role in the primary care medical management of DCM patients soon.
The approach to DCM management is multidisciplinary and generally will involve PCPs, spinal surgeon, physiotherapist, pain specialist, and neurologist.
Patients with query bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome should be assessed for DCM.
Patients with moderate to severe DCM or unequivocal progression of mild DCM require surgical treatment while there exists clinical equipoise between structured non-operative therapies and surgical decompression for mild non-progressive cases of DCM.
Clinically monitor patients with mild DCM frequently and carefully for subtle signs of neurological progression
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Related Terms: Back Health, degenerative cervical myelopathy, primary care, cervical spondylotic myelopathy, degenerative disc disease
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