non-muscle-invasive

Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: Review of Diagnosis and Management

Teaser:

Neil Pugashetti,¹ Shabbir M.H. Alibhai,³ Stanley A. Yap,^1,2

Authors' Affiliations

¹Department of Urology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA.
²Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, VA Northern California Health Care System, Sacramento, CA, USA.
³Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

CLINICAL TOOLS

Abstract: Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) represents the large majority of newly diagnosed bladder tumors and represents a significant burden to both patients and the healthcare system. Although the initial standard treatment for all non-muscle-invasive tumors is surgical resection, there exist a wide variety of both surgical and medical treatment modalities based upon the tumor's specific stage and grade. Ensuring a proper diagnosis is key, and management should be tailored to the individual in order to reduce cancer recurrence and prevent progression of disease.

Key Words: Bladder cancer, non-muscle-invasive, diagnosis, treatment.

Members of the College of Family Physicians of Canada may claim MAINPRO-M2 Credits for this unaccredited educational program.
www.cfpc.ca/Mainpro_M2
You can take quizzes without subscribing; however, your results will not be stored. Subscribers will have access to their quiz results for future reference.

Pre-test CME Quiz Post-test CME Quiz

Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer consists of papillary tumors (Ta), tumors invading the submucosal lamina propria (T1), and flat lesions known as carcinoma in situ (CIS).

Proper management is key given the significant risk of tumor recurrence or progression to muscle-invasive disease.

Many treatment modalities exist including transurethral resection, intravesical chemotherapy, intravesical immunotherapy, and radical cystectomy; treatment choice depends on a variety of factors including tumor stage and grade.

The gold standard for the complete work-up of hematuria is office cystoscopy and imaging of the upper urinary tract.

Initial standard treatment of non-muscle-invasive bladder tumors is TURBT; at the time of resection, sampling of muscle surrounding the lesion is important to accurately assess depth of invasion.

To have access to full article that these tools were developed for, please subscribe. The cost to subscribe is $80 USD per year and you will gain full access to all the premium content on www.healthplexus.net, an educational portal, that hosts 1000s of clinical reviews, case studies, educational visual aids and more as well as within the mobile app.

Advertisement

Advertisement